Peace with Egypt and Sinai

MAP 21

S Y R I A

J O R D A N

S A U D I A R A B I A

E G Y P T

S I N A I P E N I N S U L A

M E D I T E R R A N E A N

S E A

L E B A N O N

R E D S E A

GULF OF EI L AT

GULF OF SUEZ

Golan Heights Golan Heights

SAMARIA SAMARIA

JUDEA JUDEA

Gaza Strip Gaza Strip

Suez Canal Suez Canal

Haifa Haifa

Tel Aviv-Jaffa Tel Aviv-Jaffa

Jerusalem Jerusalem

Beer Sheba Beer Sheba

Eilat Eilat

L E G E N D

Israel before the Six-Day War

Under Israeli control after 1967

Separation-of-forces agreement, 1974

Interim agreement, 1975

Redeployment, 1980

Redeployment, 1982

International border today

N

100 km

62 mi

North at top. Withdrawal lines are traced from the author’s map and are approximate.

MAP-021 · map

HISTORICAL MAPS

MAP 21 Peace with Egypt and Sinai Redeployment

1978 to 1979

The Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty was signed on March 26, 1979, following the Camp David Accords of September 18, 1978. The pact, signed by Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin, set the framework for peace between the two nations, making Egypt the first Arab country to recognize Israel.

The agreement laid out a timetable for the withdrawal of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) from the Sinai Peninsula, a region Israel had captured during the Six-Day War in 1967. The withdrawal plan focused on the line east of El- Arish on the coast extending south to Ras Mohamed (about 125 miles or 200 km), at the southern tip of the Sinai Peninsula.

The treaty entailed Israel’s withdrawal to the pre- 1948 international borders of Egypt and Mandatory Palestine, returning the entire Sinai Peninsula, an area of 23,500 square miles (61,000 square kilometers). The treaty required removal of Israeli communities, such as Yamit.

Egypt agreed to full diplomatic recognition of Israel, establishment of embassies, and open borders for trade and tourism. The entire Sinai was designated a demilitarized zone, monitored by international peacekeeping forces.

TIMELINE

September 18, 1978 Camp David Accords.

March 26, 1979 Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty signed by Sadat and Begin.

Separation-of-forces agreement.

Interim agreement, first redeployment from the canal area.

Redeployment to the El-Arish to Ras Mohamed line.

Final withdrawal to the international border. Israeli communities such as Yamit are removed.

MAP021 Open on your phone $.- ’)*2’ %˜*(„(+›„†