Upheaval, Peace and Lebanon

TIMELINE 21

Timeline 21 of 26

Upheaval, Peace and Lebanon

1977 to 1984

Begin’s victory ends Labor rule. Sadat comes to Jerusalem and Israel makes peace with Egypt, destroys Iraq’s reactor and goes to war in Lebanon.

TURNING POINTS

1977 May 17 The upheaval. Likud wins the May 17 election and Menachem Begin becomes prime minister, ending three decades of Labor rule.

1977 Nov 19 to 21 Sadat comes to Jerusalem. The Egyptian president addresses the Knesset and opens the way to peace.

1979 Mar 26 Peace with Egypt. The Camp David summit of September 1978 leads to the first peace treaty with an Arab state. Israel completes its return of Sinai on April 25, 1982.

1981 Jun 7 Israel destroys the Osirak reactor. Jets strike Iraq’s nuclear reactor near Baghdad before it can go into operation.

1982 Jun 6 The Lebanon War. Israel invades to drive out the PLO, which leaves Beirut in August. Israel stays in southern Lebanon until 2000.

1984 to 1985 Operation Moses. Thousands of Ethiopian Jews are brought to Israel by way of Sudan.

ALSO IN THIS PERIOD

1977 Zubin Mehta becomes music director of the Israel Philharmonic.

1978 Mar 11 The Coastal Road massacre. Gunmen land from the sea, hijack a bus and kill 38 civilians, 13 of them children.

1978 Mar 14 Operation Litani in southern Lebanon.

1978 Israel wins the Eurovision Song Contest.

1978 Sep 5 to 17 Summit: Begin and Sadat meet with President Carter at Camp David.

1978 Dec Menachem Begin shares the Nobel Peace Prize with Anwar Sadat.

1979 Apr 22 Terrorists land by sea and attack Nahariya.

1980 Apr 7 Terrorists seize the nursery at Kibbutz Misgav Am.

1980 May 2 Gunmen kill six yeshiva students in Hebron.

1980 Jul 30 Territory: The Knesset passes the Jerusalem Law, which declares the united city the capital of Israel.

1981 Jun 30 Election: Likud wins 48 seats.

1981 Oct 6 Anwar Sadat is assassinated in Cairo.

1981 Dec 14 Territory: the Knesset applies Israeli law to the Golan Heights.

1982 Apr 25 Israel leaves Sinai. The last of the peninsula returns to Egypt under the peace treaty, and the town of Yamit is evacuated.

1982 Jun 3 An attack on the Israeli ambassador in London sparks the Lebanon War.

1982 Sep 16 to 18 Lebanese militias massacre Palestinians at Sabra and Shatila.

1982 Nov 11 A car bomb destroys the Israeli headquarters in Tyre.

1983 Feb 8 The Kahan Commission. It finds Ariel Sharon indirectly responsible for Sabra and Shatila, and he leaves the Defense Ministry.

1983 May Ofra Haza places second at the Eurovision Song Contest.

1983 May 17 Israel and Lebanon sign an agreement that is canceled in 1984.

1983 Oct 10 Yitzhak Shamir becomes prime minister.

1984 Apr 12 In the Bus 300 affair, two hijackers die in custody.

1984 Apr Security forces arrest the Jewish Underground.

1984 Jul 23 Election: Alignment 44 seats, Likud 41.

1984 Sep 13 Shimon Peres becomes prime minister in a rotation with Shamir.