Kings, Exile and Return

TIMELINE 2

Timeline 2 of 19

Kings, Exile and Return

1000 to 350 BCE Conflict Rule and borders Diplomacy and law Settlement Faith and learning Literature and arts

2000 BCE 1000 BCE 1 CE

David makes Jerusalem the capital and Solomon builds the First Temple. The kingdom then splits in two. Assyria ends the north, Babylon ends the south, and Persia lets the exiles go home.

TURNING POINTS ALSO IN THIS PERIOD

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c. 1000 BCE David makes Jerusalem the capital. He unites the tribes into one

kingdom and secures the trade routes. MAP 4

c. 960 BCE Solomon builds the First Temple. The kingdom reaches its height in

wealth and trade, and Jerusalem becomes a religious center. MAP 4

c. 930 BCE The kingdom splits. After Solomon’s death the northern tribes form Israel

and the south becomes Judah. MAP 4

722 BCE Samaria falls to Assyria. The northern kingdom is conquered and its

people are scattered.

586 BCE Babylon destroys the First Temple. Jerusalem falls, the Temple is burned

and Judah’s leaders are taken to Babylon.

539 BCE Cyrus lets the exiles return. The Persian king allows the Jews to go home

and rebuild.

515 BCE The Second Temple is completed. It stands on the site of the first.

701 BCE Hezekiah withstands Sennacherib. The Assyrian king besieges Jerusalem

and does not take it. Hezekiah’s water tunnel supplies the city.

c. 853 BCE The Battle of Qarqar. Ahab of Israel joins an alliance that fights Assyria. It

is the first Assyrian record that names an Israelite king.

c. 445 BCE Nehemiah rebuilds the walls. A governor sent by the Persian king

restores the walls of Jerusalem, by tradition in 52 days.

c. 880 BCE Omri founds Samaria as the capital of the northern kingdom. c. 870 to 850 BCE Ahab and Jezebel promote the worship of Baal. The prophets Elijah and Elisha oppose it. c. 841 BCE Jehu overthrows Ahab’s house in a coup and ends Baal worship.

c. 760 to 730 BCE The prophets Amos and Hosea condemn injustice and idolatry.

622 BCE Josiah’s reform follows the finding of a law book during Temple repairs.

609 BCE Josiah is killed at Megiddo.

597 BCE Babylon captures Jerusalem for the first time.

c. 400 BCE The Hebrew Bible takes shape under Persian rule.

c. 925 BCE Pharaoh Shishak raids Judah and Israel.

520 BCE The prophets Haggai and Zechariah urge the rebuilding of the Temple.

c. 458 BCE Ezra arrives from Babylon to teach the Torah.

c. 950 BCE The Gezer calendar, an early Hebrew inscription, records the farming year.

c. 740 BCE Isaiah prophesies in Jerusalem, and his poetry shapes the Hebrew Bible.

701 BCE The Siloam inscription records the digging of Hezekiah’s tunnel.

c. 626 to 586 BCE Jeremiah prophesies and, after the fall, Lamentations mourns Jerusalem.

c. 588 BCE The Lachish letters, written in Hebrew on pottery, record Judah’s last days.

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