The 1960s

TIMELINE 13 · THE 1960S

The 1960s

1960 to 1969 Conflict Rule and borders Diplomacy and law Settlement Faith and learning Literature and arts

EARLIER ERAS ZOOM: 1800 TO TODAY

Canaan Kings Rome Empires 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s 2020s

Eichmann is tried in Jerusalem and the Six-Day War of 1967 changes the map. Israel and West Germany establish relations.

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TURNING POINTS ALSO IN THIS DECADE

1960 to 1962 Eichmann captured and tried. Israeli agents seize

Adolf Eichmann in Argentina in 1960. He is tried in

Jerusalem in 1961 and executed in 1962, the only death sentence Israel has carried out in a civil court.

1961 to 1964 Operation Yakhin. A secret Mossad operation brings

about 100,000 Jews from Morocco to Israel.

1967 Jun 5 to 10 The Six-Day War. Israel takes Judea and Samaria, Gaza, Sinai, the Golan Heights and East Jerusalem.

Jerusalem is united under Israeli control.

MAPS 15 TO 19

1967 Jun 7 Jerusalem reunited. Israeli forces take the Old City, the Western Wall and the rest of Judea and Samaria,

Sinai, Gaza and the Golan Heights.

1967 Nov 22 Resolution 242. The UN Security Council calls for Israeli withdrawal from territories and for peace and

secure borders. Arab leaders had already declared

three refusals at Khartoum.

1967 Jun 8 to 1970 Aug 7 The War of Attrition. Egypt shells Israeli positions along the Suez Canal and Israel answers with air raids

deep in Egypt. The fighting is heaviest from March 1969 and a ceasefire takes hold on August 7, 1970.

1969 Mar 17 Golda Meir becomes prime minister. She follows Levi Eshkol, who died in office on February 26. She

resigns in April 1974 after the Yom Kippur War.

1961 Aug 15 Election: Mapai wins 42 seats. 1962 Marc Chagall’s windows are dedicated at the Hadassah synagogue in Jerusalem. 1963 Jun 26 Levi Eshkol succeeds David Ben-Gurion as prime minister.

1964 The Arab League founds the PLO. 1964 The National Water Carrier brings Galilee water to the south.

1964 Ephraim Kishon’s film Sallah Shabati is the first Israeli film nominated for an Academy Award. 1964 Jan Pope Paul VI makes the first papal visit to the Holy Land in modern times. 1965 Israel and West Germany establish diplomatic relations. 1965 The Israel Museum opens in Jerusalem, with the Shrine of the Book.

1965 May Israeli spy Eli Cohen is hanged in Damascus. 1965 Nov 2 Election: Alignment wins 45 seats. 1966 S. Y. Agnon wins the Nobel Prize in Literature. 1966 Dec Military rule over Arab citizens of Israel ends. 1967 Naomi Shemer writes “Jerusalem of Gold”. 1967 May Egypt closes the Straits of Tiran to Israeli shipping. MAP 17

1967 Jun Moshe Dayan becomes defense minister days before the Six-Day War. 1967 Jun Israeli aircraft and torpedo boats attack the American ship USS Liberty. 1967 Jun 28 Territory: Israel extends its law and administration to East Jerusalem.

1967 Sep Settlers return to Kfar Etzion, the first Israeli settlement after the war.

1967 Aug 29 to Sep 1 Summit: Arab leaders meet at Khartoum and refuse peace, recognition and negotiation with Israel.

1967 Oct Egyptian missiles sink the Israeli destroyer Eilat. 1968 Mar Israeli forces fight the PLO at Karameh in Jordan. 1968 Apr A Passover stay in Hebron leads to the founding of Kiryat Arba.

1968 May Israel Television begins regular broadcasts. 1968 Jul Palestinian gunmen hijack an El Al plane to Algiers. 1968 Dec Israeli commandos raid Beirut airport after an attack on an El Al plane in Athens. 1969 Aug A fire damages the Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem. 1969 Oct 28 Election: Alignment wins 56 seats.

1960s

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